Comparative Analysis

PPP-based regulatory comparison across jurisdictions

The People dimension examines how regulatory frameworks address the human element of AI governance: who is responsible, who oversees AI systems, who is affected, and what rights and obligations apply to human actors throughout the AI lifecycle.

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How to Read This Matrix

Each cell indicates whether a jurisdiction’s regulatory framework addresses the given sub-dimension, and at what level of obligation. Click any jurisdiction name to view detailed provision references.

Mandatory

The framework imposes a legally binding requirement with specified obligations. Non-compliance may result in enforcement action or penalties.

Recommended

The framework officially encourages or expects this practice but does not impose a binding legal obligation. Adoption is voluntary.

Absent

The framework does not address this sub-dimension. No provisions, guidance, or recommendations are included.

Sub-dimension
P1Human OversightMandatoryRecommendedMandatoryMandatoryMandatoryRecommendedRecommendedRecommendedRecommendedRecommended
P2AccountabilityMandatoryRecommendedMandatoryMandatoryMandatoryRecommendedRecommendedRecommendedRecommendedRecommended
P3Regulator & Stakeholder RolesMandatoryRecommendedMandatoryMandatoryMandatoryRecommendedRecommendedMandatoryRecommendedRecommended
P4Workforce Training & AI LiteracyMandatoryRecommendedAbsentRecommendedRecommendedAbsentRecommendedRecommendedRecommendedRecommended
P5Affected Persons' RightsMandatoryAbsentMandatoryRecommendedMandatoryRecommendedRecommendedAbsentRecommendedRecommended

Click a jurisdiction name to view its detailed profile below.

Coverage Summary

People

Mandatory17 (34%)
Recommended29 (58%)
Absent4 (8%)

Processes

Mandatory16 (27%)
Recommended19 (32%)
Absent25 (42%)

Platforms

Mandatory14 (23%)
Recommended19 (32%)
Absent27 (45%)

What does this data reveal?

From this comparative matrix, we identify two structural determinants of regulatory coherence and derive five testable propositions about global AI governance.

View Findings & Propositions